Skip to content ↓

A Debtor, an Enemy, a Criminal

Here is one more little nugget I pulled from R.C. Sproul’s The Truth of the Cross as I read through it last week.

Early in the book he spends some time discussing the human condition and as he does so he uses three biblical concepts: debtors, enemies, and criminals. The Bible describes each of us in these terms. What Sproul does here, and this really helped it hit home for me, is show how it is always the Father who has been offended and the Son who intercedes. We have committed crimes against God and are, thus, justly termed criminals. The Father stands as Judge, passing the just sentence of death. But Christ stands between us and the Father, acting as substitute. Our sin puts us in debt to God so that we are debtors to Him. God is the creditor who demands repayment, but Christ stands in as surety. And sin puts us at enmity with God, making us His enemies. He has been violated by our sin, but Christ intercedes as mediator, opening the way between man and God.

Sproul breaks this down into the following simple table:

Sin As…ManGodChrist
DebtDebtorCreditorSurety
EnmityEnemyViolated OneMediator
CrimeCriminalJudgeSubstitute

He concludes with these words: “Christ, then, is the One Who made satisfaction. By His work on the cross, He satisfied the demands of God’s justice with regard to our debt, our state of enmity, and our crime. In light of the facts of God’s justice and our sinfulness, it is not difficult to see the absolute necessity of the atonement.”

What a great Savior! And what a blessing that today is the Lord’s Day and we can use this day to return praise to him for all he has done.


  • Do Extroverts Make Better Pastors

    Do Extroverts Make Better Pastors?

    Do extroverts really make better pastors? Explore how God uses both introverted and extroverted men in ministry and why personality must never excuse duty.

  • A La Carte Collection cover image

    A La Carte (April 6)

    Love the body God gave you / Navigate the slippery slope / How do we fence the table? / When the call comes late / What will AI undo? / The greatest invitation / Excellent Kindle deals / and more.

  • Works & Wonders

    Works & Wonders (April 5)

    In my weekly Works & Wonders article, I combine a brief devotional with other interesting and uplifting bits and pieces I gleaned throughout the week. There’s a strong collection this week, I think!

  • A La Carte Collection cover image

    Weekend A La Carte (April 4)

    The erosion of deep reading / Cable news and religious lines / AI slop and the pursuit of learning / The best AI for Christians / Drag queens and blackface / New music / and more.

  • Free Stuff Fridays (The Good Book Company)

    Enter to win 1 of 5 copies of This Was Never the Plan: Walking with God through the Heartache of Divorce and find honest, compassionate guidance for navigating the heartache of divorce, rooted in God’s word and based on personal experience.

  • Our People

    Where and How To Meet ‘Our People’

    I do not know Carl Trueman all that well, but from what I do know of him, he is not a man who is prone to overexcitement or hyperbole. Because of that, when he does get excited about something, I am likely to pay attention.